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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Wirkung und Langzeitfolgen - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Wirkung und Langzeitfolgen von Alkohol

Die Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Alkohol ist von Mensch zu Mensch verschieden. Überhöhter Alkoholkonsum kann eine Vielzahl von Krankheiten (mit)verursachen.

Sie haben Fragen oder möchten ein Projekt mit uns starten?

ANFRAGEN

Unmittelbare Wirkung

Alkohol wirkt nicht bei allen Menschen gleich. Jugendliche oder Personen, die selten Alkohol trinken oder Medikamente einnehmen, können schon bei 0,5 Promille stark beeinträchtig sein. Die folgenden Angaben zu Alkoholwirkungen und Promillewerten für Erwachsene sind daher lediglich als Anhaltspunkte zu betrachten:

> 0,2 Promille

  • Risikobereitschaft steigt
  • Seh- und Hörvermögen lassen nach
  • Konzentationsfähigkeit und Aufmerksamkeit werden schlechter
  • Stimmung steigt
  • Selbsteinschätzung, Urteils- und Kritikfähigkeit werden schlechter

> 0,5 Promille

  • enthemmende Wirkung
  • Selbstüberschätzung
  • intensive Gefühlsabläufe (Wut, Freude, Trauer)
  • Reaktionsvermögen lässt nach
  • Sehfähigkeit eingeschränkt
  • Gleichgewichtsstörungen

> 0,8 Promille

  • Blickfeld verengt sich (Tunnelblick)
  • Reaktionszeit um 35 Prozent verlängert
  • Gehirn verarbeitet die Informationen nur mehr mangelhaft
  • psychomotorische Fähigkeiten beeinträchtigt
  • zunehmende Enthemmung

1-2 Promille – Rauschstadium

  • Orientierungs- und Gleichgewichtsstörungen (Gehen und Stehen fällt schwer)
  • erste Sprachstörungen treten auf
  • Enthemmung nimmt weiter zu
  • Verlust der Selbstkontrolle
  • Verwirrtheit

2-3 Promille – Betäubungsstadium

  • Verwirrtheit nimmt zu
  • Gedächtnis- und Bewusstseinsstörungen
  • erste Anzeichen von Atemschwierigkeiten
  • Erbrechen
  • Alkoholvergiftung
  • Bewusstlosigkeit und Koma möglich
  • Muskelerschlaffung

3-5 Promille – Lähmungsstadium

  • Bewusstlossigkeit
  • Gedächtnisverlust
  • schwache Atmung
  • Unterkühlung
  • unkontrollierte Ausscheidung
  • tiefe Lähmung des Nervensystems
  • Koma
  • tödlicher Atemstillstand

Die tödliche Dosis für einen Erwachsenen ist ebenfalls unterschiedlich und entspricht etwa einer Blutalkoholkonzentration zwischen drei und sechs Promille. Einer Schätzung nach sterben in Österreich jährlich rund 100 Personen an den Folgen einer reinen „akuten Alkoholvergiftung“.

Mit dem Promillerechner können Sie die Wirkung von Alkohol auf den menschlichen Körper überprüfen. Er ermöglicht die ungefähre Berechnung des Promillegehalts, zeigt auf, wie stark Sie von Alkohol beeinflusst werden, wie es um Ihre Fahrtüchtigkeit steht und welche gesundheitlichen Risiken zu befürchten sind.

(Sie werden auf die Seite des deutschen Gesundheitsportals Onmeda umgeleitet. Die Berechnung des Promillegehalts erfolgt ohne Gewähr.)

Gesundheitliche Langzeitfolgen

Alkohol ist ein Zellgift und kann bei übermäßigem Konsum fast jedes Organ des menschlichen Körpers schädigen.

In erster Linie nimmt die Leber Schaden, weil der Alkohol dort abgebaut wird. Besonders gefährdet ist auch das Gehirn und die Gefahr von Krebserkrankungen steigt. Mehr als sechzig Krankheiten sind nachweislich mit regelmäßig erhöhtem Alkoholkonsum verknüpft.

Die Empfindlichkeit gegenüber Alkohol ist von Mensch zu Mensch verschieden. Überhöhter Alkoholkonsum kann eine Vielzahl von Krankheiten (mit)verursachen:

Gehirn

  • Verlust von Gedächtnis-, Orientierungs- und Auffassungsfähigkeit
  • Persönlichkeitsveränderungen

Mundhöhle, Rachen und Speiseröhre

  • erhöhtes Krebsrisiko

Herz-Kreislauf-System

  • Herzmuskelerkrankung
  • Bluthochdruck

(weibliche) Brustdrüse

  • erhöhtes Krebsrisiko

Leber

  • Fettleber
  • Leberentzündung
  • Leberzirrhose
  • erhöhtes Krebsrisiko

Magen

  • Magenschleimhautentzündung

Bauchspeicheldrüse

  • chronische und akute Entzündungen
  • erhöhtes Krebsrisiko

Enddarm

  • erhöhtes Krebsrisiko

Sonstige Erkrankungen

  • Übergewicht
  • erhöhtes Krebsrisiko
  • Störungen der Potenz und des sexuellen Erlebens
  • Alkoholabhängigkeit

Quelle: Broschüre „Alkohol“ ARGE Suchtvorbeugung