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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Alkohol - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention

Alkohol

Für viele Menschen ist Alkohol ein Genussmittel. Einige entwickeln jedoch riskante und problematische Konsummuster mit weitreichenden Folgen für sich und ihr Umfeld. Der verantwortungsbewusste Umgang mit Alkohol ist daher besonders wichtig.

Sie haben Fragen oder möchten ein Projekt mit uns starten?

Was ist Alkohol?

Alkohol ist ein Produkt aus vergorenen Frucht- und Getreidesorten. Nach der Vergärung beträgt der Alkoholgehalt höchstens 18 Volumenprozent (Vol. %). Durch Destillation kann der Alkoholgehalt jedoch erhöht werden (bis zu 80 Vol. %). So entstehen Getränke mit unterschiedlich hohem Alkoholanteil.

Der Wirkstoff ist Ethanol, ein giftiger Kohlenwasserstoff. Es ist eine farblose, leicht entzündbare, brennend schmeckende Flüssigkeit.

Alkohol wird in Form von Getränken konsumiert und über die Mundschleimhaut, den Magen und Dünndarm aufgenommen. Der Alkohol verteilt sich daraufhin durch das Blut im gesamten Körper.

Wie viel Alkohol vom Körper aufgenommen wird, hängt von mehreren Faktoren ab: Alkoholmenge, Gewöhnung, Trinkgeschwindigkeit, Körpergewicht und das Geschlecht spielen eine Rolle. Frauen haben einen geringeren Körperwasseranteil als Männer, sodass sie schneller betrunken werden. Außerdem wird Alkohol auf nüchternen Magen schneller aufgenommen, als wenn man gerade gegessen hat.

Alkoholhaltige Produkte können legal erworben werden, sofern das Mindestalter für den Erwerb erfüllt wird. Dieses ist im Steiermärkischen Jugendgesetz festgelegt.

Alkoholgehalt unterschiedlicher Getränke

Der Alkoholgehalt variiert je nach Art des Getränkes stark. Genaue Angaben zum Alkoholgehalt findet man auf dem Etikett der Flasche. Hier der Alkoholgehalt von einigen gängigen Getränken:

  • Bier je nach Sorte zwischen 3,7 und 8,0 Vol. %
  • Most zwischen 4,0 und 8,0 Vol. %
  • Weißwein zwischen 10,5 und 11,8 Vol. %
  • Rotwein zwischen 11,5 und 13,0 Vol. %
  • Sekt zwischen 10,0 und 12,0 Vol. %
  • Liköre durchschnittlich etwas mehr als 20,0 Vol. %

Alkohol in Lebensmitteln

Alkohol wird als Lösungsmittel für Farbstoffe, in Arzneimitteln und Parfüms verwendet. Er dient aber auch als Konservierungsstoff und Geschmacksträger für Lebensmittel, wie Brot, Marmeladen, Fertigsuppen oder Süßigkeiten.

Ein Alkoholgehalt von mehr als 1,2 Vol. % ist nach dem Lebensmittelgesetz kennzeichnungspflichtig. Das heißt, dass bei Getränken oder Lebensmitteln, die weniger als 1,2 Vol. % Alkohol enthalten, dieser nicht angegeben werden muss.
Bier mit einem Alkoholgehalt von bis zu 0,5 Vol. % bezeichnet man in Österreich als „alkoholfreies Bier“.

Durch den natürlichen Gärungsprozess entsteht in machen Lebensmitteln Alkohol. So enthält Sauerkraut 0,63 Vol. % Alkohol, frisch gepresster Apfelsaft 0,25 Vol. % Alkohol, oder eine reife Banane nach acht Tagen 0,63 Vol. % Alkohol.

Das EU-Parlament fordert, dass Konsument*innen über sämtliche Zutaten informiert werden müssen. Daher sollen auf dem Etikett von Lebensmitteln Informationen über den Alkoholgehalt angeführt werden. Dies ist nicht nur für Menschen, die aus gesundheitlichen oder religiösen Gründen keinen Alkohol trinken dürfen, eine wichtige Information.