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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Rauchstopp senkt Risiko für Herzinfarkt - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Rauchstopp senkt Risiko für Herzinfarkt

Rauchen richtet Schaden an bei Herz und Kreislauf. Aber wer mit dem Rauchen aufhört, kann viel wieder gut machen. Rauchstopp bringt allgemein viele Vorteile. Der Körper erholt sich teilweise sehr gut.

Körper kann sich wieder erholen

Besonders trifft dies auf Herz und Kreislauf zu: Bereits 24 Stunden nach dem Rauchstopp sinkt das Risiko eines akuten Herzanfalls. Im Vergleich zum Weiterrauchen, sinkt binnen eines Jahres das Risiko einer koronaren Herzkrankheit  um die Hälfte.  Nach fünf Jahren ist das Schlaganfall-Risiko nur mehr halb so groß. Und 15 Jahre nach dem Rauchstopp ist das Risiko für Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen auf dem Niveau eines Menschen, der nie geraucht hat.

Auch im Alter zahlt sich das Aufhören aus fürs Herz

Auch mit 60 Jahren zahlt es sich noch aus, mit dem Rauchen aufzuhören. Das belegt eine Metaanalyse an 25 Studien mit rund 504.000 Menschen aus Europa und den USA. Die Metaanalyse ging der Frage nach, wie sich der Rauchstatus auf Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen auswirkt. Dabei wurde ein eindeutiger Zusammenhang bestätigt: Rauchende hatten die höchste Sterblichkeit, Ex-Rauchende die zweithöchste und Nie-Rauchende die niedrigste. Die Ergebnisse waren hoch signifikant.

Das Risiko steigt mit der Anzahl der gerauchten Zigaretten und ist bei Rauchenden mit einem Konsum von täglich 20 Zigaretten oder mehr am höchsten. Ein Herztod trifft Rauchende im Schnitt fünfeinhalb Jahre früher als Nichtrauchende. Bei Ex-Rauchenden ist das Risiko für Herzinfarkte und andere Herz-Kreislauf-Erkrankungen umso niedriger, je länger das Aufhören zurücklag. Doch selbst wer erst mit über 60 Jahren mit dem Rauchen aufhört, senkt sein Risiko bereits innerhalb weniger Jahre erheblich. Nach dem Rauchstopp geht es kontinuierlich zurück und liegt im Mittel für ehemalige Raucher 1,3-fach höher als für lebenslang Nichtrauchende.

Rauchen in der frühen Jugend fördert Herzinfarkt

Umgekehrt ist es schlecht fürs Herz, jung mit dem Rauchen begonnen zu haben: Ein Herzinfarkt vor dem 55. Lebensjahr und frühes Rauchen hängen zusammen. Das stellte die Auswertung von Daten aus dem Berliner Herzinfarktregister an über 6.000 Fallbeispielen fest. 76 Prozent derer, die bis zum 55. Lebensjahr einen Herzinfarkt erlitten, waren Rauchende. Je jünger sie zu rauchen begonnen hatten, desto eher erlitten sie einen Herzinfarkt. Laut diesen Daten ist Rauchen der wichtigste Risikofaktor für einen frühen Herzinfarkt.

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