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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Kinderarbeit - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Kinderarbeit auf Tabakfeldern

Tabak wird vor allem von Kleinbauern angebaut. Diese bekommen für Anbau und Ernte von Tabak so wenig bezahlt, dass häufig ihre Kinder mithelfen müssen, damit Ertrag und Lohn für das Nötigste zum Leben reichen.

Klage gegen Tabakfirma angekündigt

Nachdem die britische Zeitung The Guardian im Juni 2018 über Kinderarbeit auf Tabakfeldern in Malawi berichtete, kam Bewegung in die Sache. Im Namen hunderter arbeitender Kinder und ihrer Familien haben britische Menschenrechtsanwälte Klage gegen den Tabakkonzern British American Tobacco (BAT) angekündigt. Grund dafür ist die Duldung von Kinderarbeit in Malawi. Die Anwältinnen und Anwälte argumentieren, dass sich der Tabakkonzern unrechtmäßig auf Kosten arbeitender Kinder bereichere.

Allein die Ankündigung der Klage hatte weitere Auswirkungen. Seit Jahren hatte das US-amerikanische Arbeitsministerium Tabak aus Malawi auf der Liste der Güter, die mit Kinder- und/oder Zwangsarbeit hergestellt werden. In Folge der angekündigten Klage wird ankommender Roh-Tabak aus Malawi seit November 2019 von der US-amerikanischen Zollbehörde bei der Einfuhr einbehalten, so lange nicht erwiesen ist, dass dieser Tabak ohne Zwangs- oder Kinderarbeit hergestellt wurde.

Außerdem hat die Internationale Arbeitsorganisation (ILO) im November 2019 beschlossen, keine Gelder der Tabakindustrie mehr anzunehmen.

Jahreslohn für Familie: rund 200 Euro

Die meisten Familien, die nun an der Sammelklage beteiligt sind, verdienten in der Saison im Jahr 2019 zwischen 115 und 230 Euro für zehn Monate Arbeit als fünfköpfige Familie. Das ist auch in Malawi viel zu wenig zum Leben. BAT erwirtschaftete im Jahr 2018 einen Profit von 10,8 Mrd. Euro aus Verkäufen in Höhe von 28,6 Milliarden Euro, berichtet The Guardian. Damit sei dieser Tabakkonzern eine der profitabelsten Firmen der Welt.

BAT selbst argumentiert, der Konzern lehne Kinderarbeit ab, sei aber nicht direkt Auftraggeber der Bauern und daher nicht für die Kinderarbeit verantwortlich. Laut UN-Menschenrechtsrat leitet sich auch für die Lieferkette indirekte Verantwortung ab: In seinen Leitprinzipien für Wirtschaft und Menschenrechte ist vorgesehen, dass Unternehmen negativen Auswirkungen auf die Menschenrechte begegnen müssen, die mit ihrer Geschäftstätigkeit, ihren Produkten oder Dienstleistungen verbunden sind.

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