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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Tabakanbau - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Anbau und Ernte von Tabak

Wenn bei uns Tabak konsumiert wird, stammt dieser von echten Pflanzen. Diese werden großteils von kleinen Familienunternehmen kultiviert und geerntet und an große Unternehmen weiterverkauft.

Tabak stammt vor allem aus Niedriglohnländern

Tabakanbau findet vor allem in Niedrig- und Mitteleinkommensländern statt. Typische Anbauländer für Tabak sind Malawi, Brasilien, Bangladesch, Vietnam, Malaysia und Tansania. Westliche Länder sind deutlich weniger vom Tabakanbau abhängig. Tabakanbau im größeren Stil ist hier vor allem in den USA, in Italien und Spanien noch üblich. Aber Tabakanbau ist und bleibt vor allem ein Geschäft der ärmeren Länder.

Weltweit arbeiten mehr als 17 Millionen Menschen im Tabakanbau. Vor allem in Niedrig- und Mitteleinkommensländern gibt es dabei häufig niedrige Arbeitsstandards. Die Kleinbäuerinnen und Kleinbauern verdienen mit dem Tabakanbau so wenig, dass sie nur schwer ihren Lebensunterhalt damit bestreiten können. Mitunter werden die Preise für die Ernte gedrückt. Aus manchen Ländern sind auch Preisabsprachen zuungunsten der Bauern bekannt geworden.

Oft ist das Einkommen der Bauern und Bäuerinnen so niedrig, dass ihre ganze Familie mithilft, um über die Runden zu kommen. Deshalb kommt es auch vor, dass Kinder auf den Tabakfeldern arbeiten, um zum Unterhalt beizutragen. Viele Bauernfamilien verschulden sich gegenüber den Tabakfirmen und sind so in einer Spirale der Abhängigkeit.

Der Boden der Tabakfelder ist überdurchschnittlich stark ausgelaugt. Das führt zu Erosionen des Bodens. Und es bewirkt, dass ein Bauer nicht einfach etwas Anderes anbauen kann, wenn er vom Tabakanbau loskommen will. Weltweite Initiativen widmen sich auch bewusst den Alternativen zum Tabakanbau. Sie helfen beim Umstieg auf andere landwirtschaftliche Kulturen mit.

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