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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Tabakindustrie beeinflusst durch Sponsoring - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Tabakindustrie beeinflusst Forschung durch Sponsoring

Die Tabakindustrie finanziert scheinbar neutrale Institutionen, wie Forschungseinrichtungen oder Thinktanks, um deren Meinungen und Ergebnisse zu ihren Gunsten zu beeinflussen.

Beeinflussung scheinbar neutraler Institutionen

Die britische Zeitung The Guardian deckte im Jahr 2019 auf: Wer von der Tabakindustrie finanziert wird, passt sich auch ihren Argumenten an.

Untersucht wurden scheinbar neutrale Institutionen, die öffentlich gegen Tabakkontrolle aufgetreten waren, etwa gegen Tabaksteuer und gegen rauchfreie Plätze. Es stellte sich heraus, dass diese Institutionen Geld von der Tabakindustrie angenommen hatten. Wer von der Tabakindustrie finanziert wird, unterstützt diese demnach mitunter durch öffentliche Argumente von scheinbar neutraler Seite.

Neben Forschungseinrichtungen finanziert die Tabakindustrie vor allem Thinktanks über Freihandel, Freiheit, Demokratie und Wirtschaft. Auch für Österreich wurde aktuell ein solcher Fall aufgedeckt: Das Institut einer Expertin, die im Gesundheitsausschuss des Parlaments gegen das Rauchverbot argumentierte, erhielt Geld von der Tabakindustrie.

Bereits im Jahr 2011 hatte eine Studie ähnlich Ergebnisse gebracht: Wer von der Tabakindustrie finanziell gefördert wird, wird dadurch in seiner Forschung beeinflusst. Eine US-amerikanische Studie untersuchte die Beziehungen von Wissenschaft und Tabakindustrie in China. Sie stellte fest, dass die chinesische Tabakindustrie in den vergangenen Jahren ein intensives Netz zu akademischen Forscher*innen aufgebaut hat. Parallel dazu stiegen die Forschungsergebnisse, wonach gesundheitliche Folgen von Rauchen und Passivrauchen harmloser als angenommen wären.

Sponsorship-Effekt

Verantwortlich dafür dürfte der Sponsorship-Effekt sein: Er geht von einer direkten oder zumindest indirekten Beeinflussung von Forschung durch den Geldgeber aus. Selbst ohne direkte Vorgaben betonen Forschende aus Verpflichtung gegenüber dem Sponsor manche Aspekte und blenden andere aus. Mitunter wird auch direkt Einfluss auf scheinbar neutrale Forschung genommen. Besonders deutlich wird der Sponsorship-Effekt bei Forschenden, die immer wieder von der Tabakindustrie finanziert werden.

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