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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Kalter Rauch - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Kalter Rauch

Tabakrauch hinterlässt gesundheitsschädliche Rückstände lange, nachdem die letzte Person in einem Raum geraucht hat. Denn der Rauch lagert sich auf Oberflächen ab. Von dort werden die Schadstoffe wieder an die Raumluft abgegeben.

Gesundheitsschädliche Ablagerungen

Die wissenschaftliche Diskussion über dieses Phänomen begann erst 2009, als die New York Times auf das Problem aufmerksam machte. Seither nennt man es „kalter Rauch“, wenn aktuell in einem Raum niemand raucht, aber von früherem Rauchen noch Partikel in dem Raum sind. Eine andere Bezeichnung dafür ist „Dritthandrauch“ oder Englisch „thirdhand smoke“ (THS). Kalter Rauch besteht also aus ultrafeine Ablagerungen in Innenräumen zu einem Zeitpunkt, an dem niemand mehr raucht.

Rückstände auf Oberflächen und Fingern

Diese Rückstände des Rauchs sind für das menschliche Auge unsichtbar. Man findet sie zum Beispiel im Feinstaub der Luft, aber auch auf Oberflächen von Möbeln, in Kleidungsstücken, Vorhängen oder Teppichen. Diese Partikel werden wiederum in die Raumluft abgegeben und können über die Atemwege und die Haut in den Organismus von Menschen gelangen.

Diese schädlichen Rückstände kommen nicht nur von Tabakprodukten, sondern auch von Nikotinprodukten. Denn neben gesundheitsschädlichen Stoffen des Tabakrauchs lagern sich insbesondere Nikotin und Nitrosamine im Raum ab. Sie sind aber auch auf auf der Haut von Rauchenden nachzuweisen, insbesondere an ihren Fingern. Studien konnten bei Ex-Rauchenden diese Rückstände nachweisen, und das noch Monate nach der letzten Zigarette.

Kalter Rauch entsteht vor allem durch den Nebenstromrauch, also jenen Rauch, der durch das Verglimmen des Tabakprodukts entsteht.

Kalter Rauch hält sich in Wohnungen über sechs Monate lang

Eine Studie ging der Frage nach, ob sich kalter Rauche in Haushalten von Ex-Raucher*innen ein halbes Jahr lang hält. Es wurde gemessen, wie sich die Ablagerungen in Raucher-Haushalten verändern, nachdem die Bewohner mit dem Rauchen aufgehört hatten. Fazit: Auch sechs Monate nach dem Rauchstopp waren im Hausstaub und auf Oberflächen von Möbeln und Böden Schadstoffe messbar – etwa Nikotin und tabakspezifische Nitrosamine. Durchschnittlich hatten die Ex-Rauchenden davor pro Woche 50 Zigaretten in ihren Wohnungen geraucht. Auch an ihren Fingern waren noch sechs Monate lang Nikotin und andere Schadstoffe zu finden.

Die Belastung durch kalten Rauch ist deutlich geringer als durch Passivrauchen. Aber sie sie messbar vorhanden. Auch der Konsum von E-Zigaretten führt zu Ablagerungen von Nikotin auf Oberflächen.

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