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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Rauchen und Sinnesorgane - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Rauchen und Sinnesorgane

Dass langjähriger Konsum von Tabak zu schlechterem Schmecken führt, kennen die meisten rauchenden Menschen. Ihre Umwelt merkt das häufig daran, dass sie Speisen mehr würzen. Aber Rauchen wirkt sich auch auf andere Sinnesorgane aus. Und auch die E-Zigarette schadet den Augen.

Rauchen erhöht das Risiko des Erblindens und des Hörverlusts

Risikofaktor für Makula-Degeneration

Auch das Auge wird durch das Rauchen in Mitleidenschaft gezogen. So fördert der Konsum von Tabak die Entstehung von Grauem Star. Rauchen gilt auch als zentraler Risiko-Faktor für Makula-Degeneration. Rauchende haben im Vergleich zu Nicht-Rauchenden ein zwei bis drei Mal so hohes Risiko für Makula-Degeneration. Makula-Degeneration wiederum ist einer der Hauptfaktoren dafür, dass Menschen erblinden. Auch für Erblinden haben rauchende Menschen eine deutlich höhere Wahrscheinlichkeit, zeigen Studien.

Ursachen dafür dürften unter anderem Verengungen von Gefäßen und die schlechtere Durchblutung sein, die durch das Rauchen hervorgerufen werden. Da der Rauch durch die Blutbahn in den gesamten Körper gelangt, können auch die Ohren von den Auswirkungen des Rauchens betroffen sein.

E-Zigarette schadet den Augen

Zur Auswirkung von E-Zigaretten auf Sinnesorgane sind bisher einzelne Ergebnisse bekannt. Denn E-Zigaretten sind erst seit Ende der 2000er Jahre verbreitet, daher waren Langzeitstudien bisher nicht möglich.

Ein Systematischer Review untersuchte die Auswirkung von E-Zigaretten auf die Gesundheit der Augen. Die im Journal of Clinical Medicine veröffentlichte Arbeit untersuchte 18 Studien und zeigt: Es kann schwerwiegende Folgen für die Augen haben, wenn die Augenoberfläche chronisch dem Rauch von E-Zigaretten ausgesetzt sind. So wurde über mehrere schädliche Folgen des Passivrauchs von E-Zigaretten berichtet, darunter Augenreizungen und trockene Augen, bösartige Erkrankungen der Augenoberfläche, Veränderungen der Stabilität und Qualität des Tränenfilms, der Tränenproduktion und der Dicke der Hornhaut.

Rauchen begünstigt Hörverlust

In einer Studie wurden über 5.000 schwerhörige Menschen wurden hinsichtlich ihres Rauchverhaltens (konventionelle Zigaretten) untersucht. Manche von ihnen hörten während des Untersuchungszeitraums zu rauchen auf. Die Studie ergab, dass Rauchen mit einem Risiko eines raschen Hörverlusts einhergeht, und zwar in Abhängigkeit von der Anzahl der gerauchten Zigaretten. Je mehr geraucht wurde, desto höher war das Risiko für Hörverlust. Rauchstopp hingegen verringerte das Risiko für weiteren Hörverlust.

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