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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Trafiken und Automaten - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Trafiken und Automaten

In Österreich ist der Verkauf von Tabakwaren und sonstigen Nikotinprodukten kein freies Gewerbe. Es gilt das Tabakmonopol, das von einer eigenen Monopolverwaltung administriert wird und Lizenzen für den Verkauf von Tabak und Nikotin vergibt.

Tabakmonopol in Österreich

Die Monopolverwaltung schreibt die Vergabe von Tabaktrafiken aus und überwacht die Einhaltung von Regeln zur Beschränkung des Wettbewerbs, etwa das Werbeverbot, das Rabattverbot und den Gebietsschutz.

Trafiken dürfen ausschließlich Tabakwaren und verwandte Erzeugnissen (etwa E-Zigaretten) sowie sogenannte „Nebenprodukte“ verkaufen. Auch die „Nebenprodukte“ sind genau definiert. Als Nebenartikel dürfen in Trafiken beispielsweise Fahrscheine für öffentliche Verkehrsmittel, bestimmte Papierwaren, Briefmarken, Lottoscheine und Zeitungen und Zeitschriften verkauft werden.

Im Gegensatz zu Trafiken sind Tabakverkaufsstellen eine zusätzliche Berechtigung für Menschen, die bereits ein anderes Gewerbe angemeldet haben. Häufig handelt es sich dabei um Gastgewerbe oder Lebensmittelhandel. Lizenzen für Tabakverkaufsstellen werden in der Regel nur dann vergeben, wenn ein Ort zu klein für eine Trafik ist.

E-Zigaretten sind frei verkäuflich, Tabakwaren nicht

Laut Handelsverband gibt es in Österreich mit Stand 2020 2.386 selbständig geführte Tabakfachgeschäften und weiteren 3.071 lizenzierte Verkaufsstellen. Mit dem Tabakmonopol stellt Österreich eine internationale Ausnahme dar.

Inhaber*innen von Trafiken dürfen Tabakwaren-Automaten betreiben. Dort wird jedoch nicht nur Tabak verkauft, sondern auch E-Zigarette und Nikotinbeutel. Darüber hinaus dürfen bei Automaten sogenannte „Non-Tabak-Produkte“ wie Autobahn-Vignetten und Handy-Wertkarten verkauft werden. Durch ein System mit Bankomatkarten soll der Jugendschutz bis 18 Jahre gewährleistet sein. In Österreich gibt es rund 6.500 Zigarettenautomaten. Diese machen Zigaretten und andere Nikotinprodukte im öffentlichen Raum sehr sichtbar, verfügbar und präsent.

In die Lizensierung fallen alle Tabakprodukte, nicht jedoch Verwandte Erzeugnisse wie E-Zigaretten. Diese sind frei verkäuflich. Das heißt, jeder Staatsbürger*in mit Gewerbeberechtigung mit ihnen handeln.

Auch Zigarettenautomaten sind ein wichtiger Verkaufsort. Der Marktanteil des Tabakverkaufs an Automaten geht zwar zurück. Dennoch macht er einen beträchtlichen Anteil aus: In Deutschland wurden 2015 zehn Prozent aller Tabakprodukte aus Automaten bezogen.

Werbung am Verkaufsort spielt für Tabakkonzerne eine große Rolle. Durch Einschränkungen der Werbemöglichkeiten gewann der Verkaufsort vermehrt an Bedeutung. Werbung am Verkaufsort ist die letzte Möglichkeit, um potenzielle Kundinnen und Kunden zum Kauf zu bewegen.

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