Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ACF::$fields is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/fields.php on line 136 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_loop::$loops is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/loop.php on line 26 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ACF::$loop is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/loop.php on line 270 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ACF::$revisions is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/revisions.php on line 413 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_validation::$errors is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/validation.php on line 26 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ACF::$validation is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/validation.php on line 212 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_form_customizer::$preview_values is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/forms/form-customizer.php on line 26 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_form_customizer::$preview_fields is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/forms/form-customizer.php on line 27 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_form_customizer::$preview_errors is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/forms/form-customizer.php on line 28 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property ACF::$form_front is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/forms/form-front.php on line 603 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_form_widget::$preview_values is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/forms/form-widget.php on line 34 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_form_widget::$preview_reference is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/forms/form-widget.php on line 35 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_form_widget::$preview_errors is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/forms/form-widget.php on line 36 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\create(): Implicitly marking parameter $className as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/functions.php on line 32 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\autowire(): Implicitly marking parameter $className as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/functions.php on line 44 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\ContainerBuilder::writeProxiesToFile(): Implicitly marking parameter $proxyDirectory as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/ContainerBuilder.php on line 231 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Source\ReflectionBasedAutowiring::autowire(): Implicitly marking parameter $definition as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Source/ReflectionBasedAutowiring.php on line 17 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Source\Autowiring::autowire(): Implicitly marking parameter $definition as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Source/Autowiring.php on line 21 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Source\DefinitionFile::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $autowiring as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Source/DefinitionFile.php on line 25 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Source\DefinitionArray::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $autowiring as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Source/DefinitionArray.php on line 33 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Source\DefinitionNormalizer::normalizeRootDefinition(): Implicitly marking parameter $wildcardsReplacements as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Source/DefinitionNormalizer.php on line 42 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Proxy\ProxyFactory::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $proxyDirectory as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Proxy/ProxyFactory.php on line 38 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Container::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $definitionSource as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Container.php on line 87 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Container::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $proxyFactory as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Container.php on line 87 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Container::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $wrapperContainer as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Container.php on line 87 Deprecated: YoastSEO_Vendor\Symfony\Component\DependencyInjection\Container::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $parameterBag as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/wordpress-seo/vendor_prefixed/symfony/dependency-injection/Container.php on line 60 Notice: Function _load_textdomain_just_in_time was called incorrectly. Translation loading for the events-manager domain was triggered too early. This is usually an indicator for some code in the plugin or theme running too early. Translations should be loaded at the init action or later. Please see Debugging in WordPress for more information. (This message was added in version 6.7.0.) in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-includes/functions.php on line 6114 Deprecated: Elementor\Controls_Stack::get_active_controls(): Implicitly marking parameter $controls as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/base/controls-stack.php on line 353 Deprecated: Elementor\Controls_Stack::get_active_controls(): Implicitly marking parameter $settings as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/base/controls-stack.php on line 353 Deprecated: Elementor\Controls_Stack::get_style_controls(): Implicitly marking parameter $controls as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/base/controls-stack.php on line 800 Deprecated: Elementor\Controls_Stack::get_style_controls(): Implicitly marking parameter $settings as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/base/controls-stack.php on line 800 Deprecated: Elementor\Elements_Manager::create_element_instance(): Implicitly marking parameter $element_type as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/managers/elements.php on line 70 Deprecated: Elementor\Element_Base::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $args as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/base/element-base.php on line 1573 Deprecated: Elementor\Repeater::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $args as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/includes/elements/repeater.php on line 48 Deprecated: Elementor\Core\Utils\Collection::filter(): Implicitly marking parameter $callback as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/core/utils/collection.php on line 51 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\ObjectDefinition::__construct(): Implicitly marking parameter $className as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/ObjectDefinition.php on line 62 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\ObjectDefinition::setClassName(): Implicitly marking parameter $className as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/ObjectDefinition.php on line 75 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\ObjectDefinition::setLazy(): Implicitly marking parameter $lazy as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/ObjectDefinition.php on line 158 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Resolver\ObjectCreator::setPrivatePropertyValue(): Implicitly marking parameter $className as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Resolver/ObjectCreator.php on line 158 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Resolver\ParameterResolver::resolveParameters(): Implicitly marking parameter $definition as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Resolver/ParameterResolver.php on line 34 Deprecated: ElementorDeps\DI\Definition\Resolver\ParameterResolver::resolveParameters(): Implicitly marking parameter $method as nullable is deprecated, the explicit nullable type must be used instead in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/elementor/vendor_prefixed/dependency-injection/php-di/php-di/src/Definition/Resolver/ParameterResolver.php on line 34 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_field_oembed::$width is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/fields/class-acf-field-oembed.php on line 31 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_field_oembed::$height is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/fields/class-acf-field-oembed.php on line 32 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_field_google_map::$default_values is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/fields/class-acf-field-google-map.php on line 33 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_field__group::$have_rows is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/includes/fields/class-acf-field-group.php on line 31 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_field_clone::$cloning is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 34 Deprecated: Creation of dynamic property acf_field_clone::$have_rows is deprecated in /home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Nikotin - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention

Nikotin

Nikotin ist der wichtigste chemisch isolierte Wirkstoff von Tabak. Nikotin ist dafür verantwortlich, dass Tabak abhängig macht. Benannt wurde dieser Stoff nach Jean Nicot, der im 16. Jahrhundert die Tabakpflanze nach Europa brachte.

Sie haben Fragen oder möchten ein Projekt mit uns starten?

Was ist Nikotin?

Mit dem Rauch einer Zigarette gelangen etwa 0,5 bis 1,5 Milligramm Nikotin ins Blut. Über den Blutkreislauf kommt Nikotin in den gesamten Körper und aktiviert bestimmte Rezeptoren. Binnen sieben bis zehn Sekunden setzt im Gehirn die Wirkung des Nikotins ein, wobei der Höhepunkt nach rund 30 Sekunden erreicht wird. Über die Wirkung im Gehirn kann Nikotin bereits innerhalb kurzer Zeit abhängig machen. Es gibt dabei keine Grenze, bis zu der Nikotin sicher nicht süchtig macht.

Nikotin macht süchtig, unabhängig von der Konsumform

Es ist egal, ob Nikotin mit oder ohne Tabak konsumiert wird. Die klassische Verbrennungszigarette kann also genauso abhängig machen wie die E-Zigarette, der Tabakerhitzer ebenso wie der Nikotinbeutel. Nikotin macht süchtig. Punkt.

Verantwortlich dafür ist seine Wirkung auf das Gehirn. Nikotin stimuliert den Nucleus Accumbens, das Belohnungszentrum des Gehirns. Dadurch wird Dopamin ausgeschüttet. Nikotin wird als angenehm empfunden, der Körper will mehr. Nikotin kann körperlich und psychisch abhängig machen.

Das Besondere an Nikotin ist sein „bivalentes Wirkungsspektrum“, also seine Fähigkeit, gegensätzliche Wirkung zu haben. Nikotin kann nämlich sowohl anregend als auch entspannend sein. Es ruft im Körper vielfältige Reaktionen hervor. Die genaue Wirkung hängt von der Dosis, der körperlichen Verfassung des Menschen und der Ausgangsstimmung ab. Geringe Mengen von Nikotin erhöhen Blutdruck und Herzfrequenz. Sie wirken anregend. Hohe Mengen verursachen das Gegenteil, senken also Blutdruck und Herzfrequenz.

Nikotin gefährdet die Gesundheit

Besonders schädlich ist Nikotin in Kombination mit Tabak, und hier wiederum in erhöhtem Maß, wenn es durch Verbrennung konsumiert wird. Die konventionelle Tabakzigarette ist demnach eine besonders schädliche Konsumform.

Aber auch ohne Tabak – etwa in Form der E-Zigarette konsumiert – ist Nikotin gefährlich für die Gesundheit. Denn es ist ein Nervengift. Nikotin kann zu Vergiftungserscheinungen von Übelkeit und Schwindel bis zu verminderter Herzfrequenz führen.

Der Konsum von Nikotin bewirkt, dass der Körper ständig entgiften muss. Das führt zu gedämpftem Appetit, schlechterer Durchblutung und Absinken der Hauttemperatur. Es kann auch die Empfindlichkeit für Schmerz erhöhen und die Produktion von Urin hemmen. Außerdem führt Nikotin zu einer Verengung der Blutgefäße, was den Blutdruck ansteigen lässt und die Gefahr für Thrombosen erhöht.

Nikotin beeinflusst auch die Spaltung, die Vervielfältigung, das Überleben und die Wanderung der Zellen. Über diese Prozesse fördert anhaltender Nikotinkonsum wahrscheinlich Erkrankungen wie Atherosklerose und Typ-2-Diabetes und schwächt das Immunsystem. In Zellkulturen und in Tierversuchen löst Nikotin Krebs aus und fördert das Krebswachstum, resümiert das Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum die Datenlage.

Auch ohne die Kombination mit Tabak steht Nikotin daher im Verdacht, Krebs auszulösen und Krebs zu fördern. Nikotin verlängert die Lebensdauer von Krebszellen und regt sie zur Wanderung im Körper (Metastasen) an. Versuche mit Tumorzellen weisen auch darauf hin, dass Nikotin die Wirkung von Therapien vermindert. Chemotherapie wirkt demnach schlechter, wenn Nikotin konsumiert wird.

Mehr dazu: