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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Passivrauch - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Passivrauch

Unter Passivrauchen versteht man das Einatmen von Tabakrauch, der von einer anderen Person „verursacht“ wurde. Passivrauch ist hinsichtlich der chemischen Zusammensetzung qualitativ gleich wie der Tabakrauch, den Raucher*innen inhalieren.

Krebserregende Inhaltsstoffe

Zum Passivrauch zählt sowohl jener Rauch, den die rauchende Person ausatmet (Hauptstromrauch), als auch jener Rauch, der durch die brennende Zigarette selbst entsteht (Nebenstromrauch). Der Nebenstromrauch ist besonders gefährlich. In ihm sind einige Substanzen zehnmal konzentrierter vorhanden als im Hauptstromrauch.

In geschlossenen Räumen, in denen geraucht wird, befindet sich Untersuchungen zufolge in der Luft zu 85 Prozent der Rauch aus dem Nebenstrom, und nur zu 15 Prozent der Rauch aus dem Hauptstrom.

Passivrauch ist hinsichtlich der chemischen Zusammensetzung qualitativ gleich wie der Tabakrauch, den Raucher*innen inhalieren. Das bedeutet, dass man rund siebzig krebserzeugende Inhaltsstoffe als auch giftige Substanzen wie Blausäure, Acetonitril, Ammoniak und Kohlenmonoxid einatmet.

Eine weitere Gefahr geht von Zusatzstoffen, die Tabakprodukten beigefügt werden, aus. Beispielsweise entstehen aus dem Tabakzusatzstoff Zucker beim Verbrennen des Tabaks die krebserzeugenden Stoffe Acetaldehyd und Formaldehyd.

Laut Gesundheitsbefragung der Statistik Austria sind in Österreich nur knapp zwei Drittel der Bevölkerung (63,9 Prozent) nie oder fast nie Passivrauch in Innenräumen ausgesetzt. Das ist im internationalen Vergleich ein hoher Prozentsatz. 9,1 Prozent der österreichischen Bevölkerung sind Passivrauch in Innenräumen eine Stunde pro Tag oder mehr ausgesetzt, 4 Prozent täglich, aber weniger als eine Stunde. 9,6 Prozent geben mindestens einmal wöchentliche Exposition mit Passivrauch an und 13,3 Prozent weniger als einmal pro Woche.

Allerdings fand die Befragung statt, kurz bevor am 1.11.2019 rauchfreie Innenräume in der Gastronomie obligatorisch wurden. Und das Rauchverbot in der Gastronomie ist eine zentrale Maßnahme zur Reduktion von Passivrauch. Dadurch sind einerseits alle Menschen geschützt, die in der Gastronomie arbeiten. Denn Rauchende gehen zum Rauchen ins Freie, wo die Passivrauch-Belastung deutlich geringer ist. Andererseits zeigte sich in anderen Ländern, dass sich dadurch auch der Verhalten der Gäste mittelfristig verändert: Sie beginnen auch in anderen Lebensbereichen eher, zum Rauchen ins Freie zu gehen, etwa zu Hause oder in der Arbeit.

Auch der rauchende Mensch selbst atmet seinen eigenen Passivrauch ein. Auch für Rauchende ist es daher ein Vorteil, im Freien statt in geschlossenen Räumen zu rauchen.

Der Passivrauch von E-Zigaretten ist anders, birgt aber auch Gefahren.

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