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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Rauchverbot-Zustimmung steigt nach Einführung - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Rauchverbot-Zustimmung steigt nach Einführung

Die Zustimmung der Bevölkerung steigt nach Einführung des absoluten Rauchverbotes in der Gastronomie. Das zeigen internationale Erfahrungen (Deutschland, England, Irland).

Mehrheit für rauchfreie Gastronomie

In Irland befürworteten vor der Einführung des Rauchverbots nur 46 Prozent der Bevölkerung rauchfreie Restaurants. Ein Jahr danach waren es 77 Prozent. Ähnliches zeigte sich in den USA, hier stieg die Zustimmung von 43 auf 63 Prozent. Auch in Italien erhöhte sich die Zustimmung von vormals 83 auf 90 Prozent.

Auch in England lässt sich nachweisen, dass die Zustimmung nach der Einführung noch stieg, nachdem alle Innenräume in Lokalen rauchfrei waren. So waren 2007, vor Einführung des Gastro-Rauchverbots, 78 Prozent dafür. 2017 waren es 83 Prozent, berichtet „Smokefree England“.

Hohe Zustimmung zur rauchfreien Gastronomie in der Bevölkerung

Eine ähnliche Entwicklung lässt sich für Deutschland nachweisen. In Deutschland regelt den Nichtraucherschutz jedes Bundesland für sich. Es zeigte sich: Je mehr Bundeländer rauchfreie Gastronomie umgesetzt hatten, desto höher war die Zustimmung der Bevölkerung. So lag die Zustimmung 2005 zu rauchfreien Innenräumen in der Gastronomie bei 52,9 Prozent. Sie stieg kontinuierlich und lag 2014 bei 81,1 Prozent, berichtet das Deutsche Krebsforschungszentrum. Ein Erhebung für Nordrhein-Westfalen zeigte ähnliche Effekte.

Kurz bevor in Österreich alle Innenräume in Lokalen rauchfrei wurden, erhob VIVID – Fachstelle für Suchtprävention die Haltung der Bevölkerung im Bundesland Steiermark dazu. Das Ergebnis zeigte: Obwohl das Rauchverbot zum Spielball der Politik geworden war und eine aufgeheizte Stimmung herrschte, befürworteten bereits vorab 57,9 Prozent. 42,1 Prozent sprachen sich dagegen aus. Selbst unter Rauchenden war demnach die Mehrheit für rauchfreie Gastronomie. 33,1 Prozent der Raucher*innen waren sogar „uneingeschränkt dafür“.

Eine Nacherhebung konnte nicht durchgeführt werden, da kurz nach der Einführung rauchfreier Gastronomie die COVID-19-Pandemie ausbrach, was sowohl Öffnung der Gastronomie als auch deren Nutzung und Präsenz bei der Bevölkerung veränderte.

Zu betonen ist jedoch auch, dass in keinem Land 100 Prozent der Bevölkerung für rauchfreie Gastronomie sind. Es scheint immer ein kleiner Teil zu bleiben, der sich nach Raucher-Lokalen zurücksehnt.

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