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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Gastronomie - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Gastronomie

Seit 1.11.2019 gilt in Österreich absolutes Rauchverbot in der Gastronomie. Ausnahmen, wie bisher, sind nicht mehr zulässig, alle Innenräume aller gastronomischen Einrichtungen somit rauchfrei. Das Rauchverbot gilt auch für „verwandte Erzeugnisse“ wie die E-Zigarette.

Die lange Geschichte des Rauchverbots

Das grundsätzliche Rauchverbot in geschlossenen, öffentlichen Räumen gilt in Österreich seit 1.1.2009. Für die Gastronomie waren zahlreiche Ausnahmen nach dem „Spanischen Modell“ möglich. Auch die Novelle des Tabak- und Nichtraucherinnen- bzw. Nichtraucherschutzgesetz 2018 bestätigt diese Möglichkeit der Ausnahmen.

Das Rauchverbot war in Österreichs Gastronomie von 2009 bis 2019 mit vielen Ausnahmen versehen:

  • Bis zu einer Lokalgröße von 50 Quadratmetern durfte der Inhaber in Einraum-Betrieben selbst entscheiden, ob er ein Raucher- oder ein Nichtraucherlokal führen wollte.
  • Bei Lokalen von 50 bis 80 Quadratmetern entschied die Behörde über die Zumutbarkeit einer räumlichen Trennung. War in Einraum-Betrieben die räumliche Trennung zur Schaffung eines gesonderten Raucherzimmers aufgrund baulicher, feuerpolizeilicher oder denkmalschutzrechtlicher Bedenken nicht möglich, durfte der Inhaber entscheiden.
  • Bei Lokalen ab 80 Quadratmetern durfte ein Raucherbereich eingerichtet werden, sofern gewährleistet war, dass der Rauch nicht in den Nichtraucherbereich dringt. In jedem Fall musste der Nichtraucherbereich der Hauptraum des Lokals sein und mindestens 50 Prozent der Gesamtfläche betragen.

Das tatsächliche Inkrafttreten des Rauchverbots in allen Innenräumen der Gastronomie hat eine bewegte Geschichte:

  • Nach Beschluss im österreichischen Parlament und Kundmachung am 13.8.2015 hätte mit 1.5.2018 im Sinne des Nichtraucherschutzes ein absolutes Rauchverbot in der Gastronomie in Kraft treten sollen. Demnach wären Ausnahmen vom Rauchverbot unzulässig gewesen. Aber es kam anders.
  • Am 22.3.2018 beschloss das inzwischen neue österreichische Parlament, dass das  absolute Rauchverbot in der Gastronomie nicht in Kraft tritt. Die entsprechende Novelle wurde am 24.4.2018 kundgemacht.
  • Nach Rücktritt der Regierung am 28.5.2019 beschloss das Parlament unter einer Übergangsregierung am 2.7.2019 erneut das Rauchverbot in der Gastronomie unter Wegfall der bisherigen Ausnahmen. Dieses trat am 1.11.2019 in Kraft.

Nach jahrelangen poltischen Diskussionen, den oben beschriebenen gesetzlichen Änderungen und dem Volksbegehren „Don´t smoke“ sind Ausnahmen seit 1.11.2019 im Sinne des Nichtraucherschutzes nicht mehr zulässig.

Mehrere Klagen wurden daraufhin gegen das Gesetz eingebracht. Vertreter von Diskotheken und Bars (Eigenbezeichnung: „Nachtgastronomie“) klagten gegen das Rauchverbot. Diese Klage wurden seitens des Verfassungsgerichtshof am 16.10.2019 zurückgewiesen. Noch nicht entschieden sind zwei Klagen von Vertretern von Shisha-Bars, welche für Wasserpfeifen Ausnahmen erwirken wollen.

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