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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Zahlen zur E-Zigarette - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Zahlen zur E-Zigarette

Die meisten Menschen, die E-Zigarette konsumieren, konsumieren gleichzeitig auch Tabakzigarette. Dies nennt man „Dual use“: Menschen rauchen nicht entweder Zigarette oder E-Zigarette, sondern beides gleichzeitig bzw. abwechselnd.

Zwei Drittel rauchen auch Tabak

Die große Mehrheit kommt von Tabak nicht los, wenn sie mit E-Zigarette beginnt.

In Österreich rauchen mehr als zwei Drittel der E-Zigaretten-Nutzer auch Tabakzigarette. 68,3 Prozent von jenen, die täglich oder gelegentlich E-Zigarette konsumieren, rauchen auch täglich oder gelegentlich Tabakzigarette. Das ergab die Gesundheitsbefragung der Statistik Austria 2019. In Deutschland ist dieser Anteil noch höher: Dort sind 87,7 Prozent der regelmäßigen E-Zigaretten-Konsument*innen auch Raucher.

Insgesamt wird die E-Zigarette häufig probiert, aber nur von wenigen täglich konsumiert: In Deutschland liegt der tägliche Konsum von E-Zigarette laut DEBRA-Studie konstant bei 1 bis 2 Prozent. Mit Stand August 2020 waren 1,3 Prozent der Deutschen tägliche oder gelegentliche E-Zigaretten-Nutzer. In Österreich ist die Situation ähnlich. Es gibt auch hier viele Ex-User und wenig tägliche Nutzer*innen. 1,2 Prozent der Bevölkerung nutzen sie täglich, 5,8 Prozent gelegentlich.

Sehr hoch ist der Anteil der Ex-User: Immerhin fast jede*r sechste österreichische Erwachsene (14,2 Prozent) hat früher E-Zigaertte konsumiert, tut dies nun jedoch nicht mehr. In Deutschland ist sogar ein Viertel der Bevölkerung (24,5 Prozent) Ex-User. Daten zeigen, dass die meisten nach einer Phase des Dual Use wieder zur Tabakzigarette zurückkehren. Es scheint also so zu sein, dass viele mit E-Zigarette beginnen, aber wieder zur Tabakzigarette wechseln

Größter Anteil unter jungen Männern

Auffallend ist der Geschlechtsunterschied. Das zeigt sich beginnend bei Jugendlichen in allen Altersgruppen. Die HBSC-Studie ist eine internationale Untersuchung an Schüler*innen. Demnach haben in Österreich 19,9 Prozent der 15-jährigen Schüler und 10,9 Prozent der 15-jährigen Schülerinnen in den letzten 30 Tagen E-Zigarette konsumiert. Buben konsumieren in diesem Alter deutlich häufiger E-Zigarette als Tabakzigarette. Auch unter jenen, die „jemals“ E-Zigaretten genutzt haben, sind Buben in allen untersuchten Altersgruppen signifikant häufiger vertreten als Mädchen.

Der Geschlechtsunterschied scheint mit dem Alter zu bleiben: Männer rauchen viel häufiger E-Zigarette als Frauen. So gaben bei der Gesundheitsbefragung der Statistik Austria 2019 Männer fast doppelt so häufig wie Frauen an, bereits E-Zigaretten konsumiert zu haben (9,3 zu 5,1 Prozent der erwachsenen Bevölkerung). Täglich konsumieren 1,0 Prozent der Männer und 0,4 Prozent der Frauen E-Zigarette. Gelegentlichen Konsum von E-Zigarette gaben 2,2 Prozent der Männer und 1,5 Prozent der Frauen an. Vor allem junge Männer (19 bis 29 Jahre) greifen zur E-Zigarette. Von allen Bevölkerungsgruppen in Österreich ist der Konsum bei 19- bis 29-jährigen Männern am höchsten.

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