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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Snus - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention

Snus

Snus ist ein rauchloses Tabakprodukt, das in Portionsbeuteln verpackt ist. Es wird über die Mundschleimhaut konsumiert und kann abhängig machen. Häufig wird es mit Nikotinbeuteln verwechselt.

Verkauf ist in der EU außer Schweden verboten

Snus (gesprochen: Snüs) ist ein rauchloses Tabakprodukt. Es wird zwischen Lippe und Zahnfleisch geschoben und gibt dort Nikotin ab. Snus besteht aus fein gemahlenem Tabak, vermengt mit Aromen, Salzen, Wasser, Feuchthaltmitteln und Puffer.

Als Tabakprodukt beinhaltet Snus Nikotin und kann abhängig machen. Konsumiert man Snus, so kann man über den Tag hinweg gleich viel oder mehr Nikotin aufnehmen als jemand, der Zigaretten raucht. Dadurch können auch Abhängigkeit und Entzugssymptome gleich stark oder stärker sein als bei Raucher*innen.

Auch rauchlose Tabakprodukte schaden der Gesundheit. So enthalten sie krebserzeugende Stoffe und schaden dem Herz-Kreislauf-System. Studien zeigen, dass der regelmäßige Konsum von Snus die Wahrscheinlichkeit für die Entwicklung von Krebs im Vergleich zur Abstinenz deutlich erhöht.

Im Vergleich zum Rauchen von Tabakzigaretten ist das Gesundheitsrisiko etwas anders: So ist das Risiko für Lungenkrebs im Vergleich zum Rauchen geringer, jenes für Krebs im Mund- und Rachenraum durch Snus jedoch höher.

Konsum rauchloser Tabakprodukte nimmt deutlich zu

In Österreich nimmt der Konsum rauchloser Tabakprodukte deutlich zu. Konsumierten im Jahr 2015 noch jeweils unter 1 Prozent der Bevölkerung täglich und gelegentlich, so waren es im Jahr 2020 bereits 1 Prozent (fast) täglich und 2 Prozent gelegentlich Konsumierende. Im selben Zeitraum stieg der Anteil jener, die zwar aktuell keine rauchlosen Tabakprodukte konsumieren, aber das früher taten („Lebenszeitprävalenz“) von 16 auf 23 Prozent. Besonders hoch ist der Anteil unter Männern, und hier vor allem unter jungen Männern.

Auch unter Jugendlichen ist Snus wieder im Kommen: In der ESPAD-Befragung 2019 gaben 12,4 Prozent der steirischen Schüler*innen an, bereits Snus oder Kautabak konsumiert zu haben.

Europaweit ist der Verkauf von Snus durch die Tabakproduktrichtlinie 2001/37/EU verboten. Einzig Schweden hat 1994 für sich eine Ausnahmeregelung erwirkt. Die Erfahrung aus Schweden zeigt, dass Snus ein beliebtes Einstiegsprodukt für Jugendliche ist.

Sehr ähnlich wie Snus ist Kautabak. Kautabak beinhaltet mehr Feuchthaltemittel und wird teilweise lose, teilweise wie Snus in Portionsbeuteln verkauft. Auch der Verkauf von Kautabak ist in Österreich verboten. Häufig wird Snus auch mit Nikotinbeuteln verwechselt. Dieses sehr junge Produkt beinhaltet keinen Tabak, sondern Nikotin mit anderen Trägersubstanzen.

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