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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Auch wenig Nikotin kann abhängig machen - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Auch wenig Nikotin kann abhängig machen

Auch wer nur gelegentlich raucht, kann davon abhängig sein. Das fand eine Untersuchung an über 6.700 Rauchenden heraus.

85 Prozent der täglich Rauchenden süchtig

Nicht jeder, der Tabak und Nikotin konsumiert, ist süchtig. Aber viele sind es. Wie viele, das untersuchte eine Studie, die dafür den Grad der Abhängigkeit von 6.700 Rauchende unter die Lupe nahm. Sie fand heraus, dass 85 Prozent der täglich Rauchenden bis zu einem gewissen Grad süchtig war. Die Bandbreite lag zwischen leichter und schwerer Sucht. Die Einteilung erfolgte nach internationalen Kriterien.

Mit der Häufigkeit des Rauchens nahm durchschnittlich der Schweregrad der Abhängigkeit zu. Allerdings war das Wenig-Rauchen keine Garantie dafür, nicht süchtig zu sein. So zeigten 74 Prozent jener Rauchenden, die täglich 21 Zigaretten oder mehr rauchen, mäßige oder schwere Sucht. Je mehr täglich geraucht wurde, desto höher war der Anteil der Abhängigen. Aber auch 35 Prozent derer, die täglich „nur“ ein bis vier Zigaretten pro Tag rauchen, waren als mäßig oder schwer abhängig einzustufen.

Auch Viertel der Gelegenheitsrauchenden abhängig

Selbst bei Gelegenheitsrauchenden zeigten sich Symptome von Sucht. Rund 25 Prozent derjenigen, die wöchentlich oder seltener rauchten, waren abhängig von Nikotin. Die meisten der abhängigen Gelegenheitsrauchenden zeigten leichte oder mäßige Form der Sucht.

Auch wenig Rauchende und Gelegenheitsrauchende sollten in den Fokus der Bemühungen um Gesundheit kommen, so die Autor*innen der Studie. Sie sollten ebenso von Gesundheitsberufen zum Aufhören motiviert und mit Unterstützung bei Entwöhnung versorgt werden. Es sei zu wenig, das Augenmerk nur auf die zu richten, die täglich und viel rauchen.

Nikotinabhängigkeit ist im Steigen

Eine andere Studie fand heraus, dass die Nikotinabhängigkeit der Bevölkerung im Steigen ist. Dies wurde nach einem Beobachtungszeitraum von rund zehn Jahren festgestellt. Der Anteil der Nikotinabhängigen stieg in allen Bevölkerungsgruppen.

Ob jemand abhängig ist oder nicht, kann nach internationalen Kriterien gemessen werden. Die bekanntesten Systematiken dazu sind die Diagnosemanuale DSM 5 und ICD 10. Speziell für Tabak und Nikotin sind auch die Nicotine Dependence Syndrom Scale und der Fagerstroem-Test der Nikotinabhängigkeit übliche und bewährte Messinstrumente.

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