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/home/.sites/685/site2987125/web/vivid/wp-content/plugins/advanced-custom-fields-pro/pro/fields/class-acf-field-clone.php on line 35 Entwöhnung - VIVID - Fachstelle für Suchtprävention
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VIVID INSIDE

Entwöhnung

Man hat sich das Rauchen irgendwann angewöhnt und kann es sich auch wieder abgewöhnen.  Entwöhnung bedeutet, das Rauchen wieder zu verlernen – körperlich und psychisch.

Sie wollen gesünder leben und nicht mehr süchtig sein?

Jeder Mensch kommt als Nichtraucher zur Welt. Wer raucht, hat das Rauchen irgendwann erlernt. Manche erinnern sich vielleicht daran, dass das anfangs gar nicht einfach war: Man wurde schwindlig, verspürte Übelkeit oder bekam Kopfweh. Davon, dass die Zigarette „schmeckt“ fehlte jede Spur. Aber irgendwann gewöhnte sich der Körper daran. Rauchen wurde normal. Man wollte es, man brauchte es.

Es gibt keine Grenze, bis wohin man sicher nicht abhängig wird. Nikotin-Abhängigkeit ist etwas Individuelles, aber sie kann sich auch schnell einstellen. Genauso individuell ist das Aufhören. Denn die meisten Rauchenden sind unzufrieden. Sie wollen aufhören. Sie wollen gesünder leben und nicht mehr süchtig sein.

Vom Rauchen loskommen: Ein Viertel der Österreicher*innen hat es schon geschafft

Sehr viele Menschen haben es bereits geschafft, mit dem Rauchen aufzuhören. Laut Gesundheitsbefragung 2019 ist fast ein Viertel (24,7 Prozent) der österreichischen Bevölkerung Ex-Rauchende. Von denen, die noch rauchen möchte die Mehrheit aufhören: Nur 26 Prozent sind mit ihrem Rauchverhalten zufrieden.

Aber wie kann es gelingen? Was wem beim Aufhören hilft, ist individuell. Dem einen hilft Beratung in der Gruppe, dem anderen ein Anruf beim Rauchfrei-Telefon. Viele hören ganz allein, ohne Hilfe auf. Aber stabiler rauchfrei sind jene, die sich von Profis dabei unterstützen lassen, zeigen Erfahrungen. Sogenannte „Leitlinien der Tabakentwöhnung“ fassen zusammen, was sich laut Wissenschaft an großen Bevölkerungsgruppen als effektiv herausgestellt hat. Die E-Zigarette wird dabei nicht empfohlen. Ein Umstieg auf E-Zigarette ist ein anderes Nikotinprodukt, aber keinen Entwöhnung von der Sucht.

Das Rauchen wieder verlernen

Wie leicht oder schwer einem der Rauchstopp fällt, kann man vorher nicht sagen. Auch bei Menschen, die aufgehört und danach wieder angefangen hatten, kann der nächste Versuch ganz anders sein als der letzte. Im Schnitt brauchen Menschen vier Versuche, um dauerhaft rauchfrei zu bleiben. Bei alledem gilt: Man hat sich das Rauchen irgendwann angewöhnt und kann es sich auch wieder abgewöhnen.  Entwöhnung bedeutet, das Rauchen wieder zu verlernen – körperlich und psychisch.

Mit dem Rauchen aufhören: Je früher, desto besser

Zwei Drittel der Todesfälle von Raucherinnen zwischen 50 und 79 Jahren stehen in Zusammenhang mit Tabakkonsum. Eine britische Studie zeigt, dass ein früher Rauchstopp bei Frauen das Risiko für tabakbedingte Sterbefälle enorm verringert. Frauen, die vor ihrem 40. Lebensjahr aufhören zu rauchen, senken ihr Risiko um 90 Prozent. Der entscheidende Risikofaktor ist die Anzahl der Jahre, die man raucht. „Raucht man während 40 Jahren 10 Zigaretten am Tag, ist das viel gefährlicher, als während 20 Jahren 20 Zigaretten am Tag zu rauchen“, so Studienautor Richard Peto. Für die Studie wurde eine Million Frauen zwölf Jahre lang beobachtet.

Mehr dazu: